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北京时间：5月8日 22:00
本期主持：sachi
*本次推送按《李煜词集》上海古籍出版社2009年版对校原文。李煜词在流传过程中多有异文，恕不一一标出。请大家自行参考文献。
后代念及李煜的诗词中以清朝袁枚引《南唐雜詠》最有名：“作個才人真絕代，可憐薄命作君王“
王国维
［十四］温飞卿之词，句秀也；韦端己之词，骨秀也；李重光之词，神秀也。
［十五］词至李后主而眼界始大，感慨遂深，遂变伶工之词而为士大夫之词。周介存置诸温、韦之下，可谓颠倒黑白矣。“自是人生长恨水长东”，“流水落花春去也，天上人间”，《金荃》、《浣花》能有此气象耶！
［十六］词人者，不失其赤子之心者也。故生于深宫之中，长于妇人之手，是后主为人君所短处，亦即为词人所长处。
［十七］客观之诗人不可不多阅世，阅世愈深则材料愈丰富、愈变化，《水浒传》、《红楼梦》之作者是也。主观之诗人不必多阅世，阅世愈浅则性情愈真，李后主是也。
［十八］尼采谓一切文学余爱以血书者。后主之词，真所谓以血书者也。宋道君皇帝《燕山亭》词亦略似之。然道君不过自道身世之戚，后主则俨有释迦、基督担荷人类罪恶之意，其大小固不同矣。
北宋与南宋的不同：
欧阳修、宋太祖：批评
陆游：
陆游：“后主天资纯孝……专以爱民为急，蠲赋息役，以裕民力。尊事中原，不惮卑屈，境内赖以少安者十有五年。”“然酷好浮屠，崇塔庙，度僧尼不可胜算。罢朝辄造佛屋，易服膜拜，以故颇废政事。兵兴之际，降御札移易将帅，大臣无知者。虽仁爱足以感其遗民，而卒不能保社稷。”（《南唐书·卷三·后主本纪第三》）
前期奢迷与后期惨痛，酒后之CHOU？
文人：话外之音在破国之后, 愁、苦、梦，何能免, 与江淹的联系（别赋与恨赋）
李Yu的故国失落后之CHOU
冯延祀词风与李煜很象，但并未得到同等的喜爱：）
晚妆初了明肌雪，春殿嫔娥鱼贯列。笙箫吹断水云间，重按霓裳歌遍彻。
临风谁更飘香屑，醉拍阑干情味切。归时休放烛花红，待踏马蹄清夜月。
Evening makeup finished now, bright skin snow white
The Spring Palace consorts and maids line up like schools of fish
The playing of pipes and flutes fills the void between river and clouds
As once again they play to the end the Song of Rainbow Skirts
Who is Viewing Spring now sets these slips of fragrance adrift?
Drunkenly beating on the railings, the flavor in my heart is keen
As I return, leaven no candle blossoms glowing red
I shall give free rein to my horse's stride in the clear moonlight night
佳人舞点金钗溜，酒恶时拈花蕊嗅。别殿遥闻箫鼓奏。（清欢）The red sun has risen now and filters in form high above Golden censers are filled by turns with incense in animal formsAnd rugs of red brocade are wrinkled by idly passing steps Beautiful women are dancing in time, their golden pins slip loose As I, sick with wine, pinch off and sniff the scented flowers stamensHearing in the distance flutes and rums perform in another palace 东风吹水日衔山，春来长是闲。落花狼藉酒阑珊，笙歌醉梦间。
佩声悄，晚妆残，凭谁整翠鬟。留连光景惜朱颜，黄昏独倚阑。
花明月暗笼轻雾，今宵好向郎边去。刬袜步香阶，手提金缕鞋。Blossoms bright and moonlight dim, veiled by a trace OF FOG Now is the perfect chance to steal away to her lover's side. Stockinged footsteps tread the fragrant stairs Held in hand, her gold-sewn shoes .They meet by the south of a painted hall, And she trembles for a moment in his nestling arms BecauseIT IS SO HARD FOR ME TO COME OUT, I URGE YOU NOW TO INDULGE YOUR DEEPEST LOVE 晓月坠，宿云微，无语枕频欹。梦回芳草思依依，天远雁声稀。
啼莺散，馀花乱，寂寞画堂深院。片红休扫尽从伊，留待舞人归。
樱桃落尽春归去，蝶翻金粉双飞。子规啼月小楼西，画帘珠箔，惆怅卷金泥。（又作：玉钩罗幕，惆怅暮烟垂）。别巷寂寥人散后，望残烟草低迷。炉香闲袅凤凰儿，空持罗带，回首恨依依。The cherry and peach blossoms all shed now- spring is gone awayButterfly fluttering in pairs stir the golden pollen A nighthawk calls out to the moon west of a tiny pavilionFrom Jade hooks, my gossamer curtains Hang Mournful and
All ended, the fall of cherry blosoms- spring has gone away Butterflies float by in pairs on light fluttering wings Holding for nothing a gossamer sashI look back, and heart-ache lingers on A Wandering prince in the flower of youth, Painted blinds and beaded curtainsMournful and forlorn, the peeling golden stainGate and lane are still and empty now that all are goneVacantly I gaze at mist-wrapped willows, dim and hazy He was very fearful at the heart. "If Li Yu put into governing his state the effort that he put into composing poetry, he would never have become my prisoners" -- Yi The farewell lane is still and empty now that all are goneVacntly I gaze across the dim and hazy meadow Incense rises gently from a censer in little phonix cils, 昨夜风兼雨，帘帏飒飒秋声。烛残漏断频欹枕，起坐不能平。 世事漫随流水，算来梦里浮生。醉乡路稳宜频到，此外不堪行。人生愁恨何能免，销魂独我情何限。故国梦重归，觉来双泪垂。闲梦远，南国正芳春。船上管弦江面绿，满城飞絮滚轻尘。忙杀看花人。闲梦远，南国正清秋。千里江山寒色远，芦花深处泊孤舟，笛在月明楼。风回小院庭芜绿，柳眼春相续。凭阑半日独无言，依旧竹声新月似当年。笙歌未散尊罍在，池面冰初解。烛明香暗画堂深，满鬓青霜残雪思难任。铜簧韵脆锵寒竹，新声慢奏移纤玉。眼色暗相钩，秋波横欲流。
brass reeds in crips concord, the clatter of cold bamboo,A new song slowly performed by moving slender jade Flashing eyes offer secret enticement And autumn ripples begin to surge and flow clouds and rain within deep embroidered doors Never a chance to confide one's deepest feelings The banquet is over, all is empty again As dreams go stray among the rains of spring 四十年来家国，三千里地山河。凤阁龙楼连霄汉，玉树琼枝作烟萝，几曾识干戈。一旦归为臣虏，沈腰潘鬓消磨。最是仓皇辞庙日，教坊犹奏别离歌，垂泪对宫娥。帘外雨潺潺，春意阑珊。罗衾不耐五更寒。梦里不知身是客，一晌贪欢。独自莫凭栏，无限江山，别时容易见时难。流水落花春去也，天上人间。bygone times may only be lamented They appear before me, hard to put to rest An autumn wind blows in the gardens and lichen invades the stairs A single row of beaded blinds hang idly down unrolled And no one comes the whole day through blossoms of spray have formed on purpose a thousand layers of snowFlowering peaches stand in silence, a whole legion of spiring How many men can there be in the worlds, as commented and jolly as me?《庄子》一书里，有“渔父”篇，借须眉交白、被发揄袂的渔父批评儒家领袖孔子“苦心劳形以危其真。呜呼，远哉其分于道也!”孔子最后伏轼而叹，心灵受到强烈的震撼。卜居》偏重于对黑暗政治的揭露，《渔父》则主要表明自己的高尚品德。两篇都是以问答的方式表现的。渔父是一位避世隐身、钓鱼江滨的隐士，他劝屈原与世俗同流，不必独醒高举，而诗人则强调“宁赴湘流，葬于江鱼腹中”，也要保持自己清白的节操，这种精神与《离骚》中“虽体解吾犹未变”的精神是一致的。他写了一首《渔翁》：
渔翁夜傍西岩宿，晓汲清湘燃楚竹。烟销日出不见人，欸乃一声山水绿。回看天际下中流，岩上无心云相逐。
这首诗中的渔父，怡情山水，乐在其中。
然而古人许多作品，不能当真。许多的山水诗意，表达的不过是政治失意。
“自余为僇人，居是州，恒惴栗。”这是柳宗元《永州八记》的第一篇的第一句。
僇人，同“戮人”，受过刑辱的人，罪人。这一自称，可以看出，柳宗元内心的幽愤。回到《楚辞》，渔父或许是被屈原拒绝的另一个自己；在柳宗元这里，屈子和渔父合二为一了：既有一种傲杀人间万户侯的傲岸，也有一种绝尘远世的逍遥。
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